Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anemia among Women in Uganda: A Comprehensive Review

Kato Jumba K.

Faculty of Science and Technology Kampala International University Uganda

ABSTRACT

Anemia is a prevalent public health issue among women in Uganda, with significant implications for their health and socio-economic well-being. This comprehensive review examines the prevalence and risk factors of anemia among women, especially those of reproductive age, and identifies the multifaceted contributors to this condition. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly iron deficiency, are primary causes, exacerbated by limited access to iron-rich foods and food insecurity. Infectious diseases, such as malaria, hookworm, and HIV/AIDS, also contribute substantially to anemia by inducing red blood cell loss or impairing their production. Socioeconomic determinants, including education level, income, and access to healthcare, significantly impact anemia prevalence, as do reproductive factors like early pregnancies and high parity. This review synthesizes research on anemia among Ugandan women to highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions, including improved nutritional programs, enhanced malaria and deworming campaigns, and policy measures addressing socioeconomic barriers. By addressing the underlying determinants of anemia in Uganda, stakeholders can work toward mitigating its impact on women’s health, productivity, and community participation.

Keywords: Anemia, prevalence, risk factors, Uganda, women’s health, iron deficiency, reproductive health.

CITE AS: Kato Jumba K. (2024). Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anemia among Women in Uganda: A Comprehensive Review. NEWPORT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND PHARMACY,5(3):72-76. https://doi.org/10.59298/NIJPP/2024/5372760