Nanotherapeutics Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

Nalongo Bina K.

Faculty of Medicine Kampala International University Uganda

                                                                                           ABSTRACT
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a critical feature of both obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), contributing to metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and impaired energy metabolism. The mitochondria, being central to cellular energy production and regulation, play a key role in the development of insulin resistance and other complications associated with obesity. Traditional therapeutic approaches have
failed to directly address mitochondrial dysfunction. However, nanotechnology provides a promising avenue for targeted delivery of therapeutics aimed at restoring mitochondrial function. This review explores the role of mitochondria in obesity and T2D, the potential of nanotherapeutics to modulate mitochondrial activity, and the challenges and prospects of these innovative treatments in clinical practice. By focusing on mitochondriatargeted therapies, we outline how nanotechnology can provide new solutions for treating obesity-induced insulin resistance and improving metabolic health.

Keywords: nanotherapeutics, mitochondrial dysfunction, obesity, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance.

CITE AS: Nalongo Bina K. (2026). Nanotherapeutics Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. NEWPORT
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES. https://doi.org/10.59298/NIJRMS/2026/7.1.118123