Identification and Measurement of Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies: A Review

Bilkisu Usman Farouk^{1, 2} David Francis Olebo^3,4,5 and Mathew Chibunna Igwe³

¹Department of Radiology, Kampala International University, Uganda

²Department of Radiology, Kaduna State University, Nigeria

³Department of Public Health, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ggaba Road, Kansanga, Uganda

⁴Department of Research, KOMASE Ebenezer Research Centre, Plot 155 Kibimba, Saaka Road Fort Portal Uganda.

⁵Department of Joint Mobile Emerging Disease Interventional Clinical Capability (JMEDICC), Makerere University Walter Reed Program, Plot 42 Nakasero Road, Kampala Uganda.

Corresponding Author: Dr. Bilkisu Usman Farouk. Email: bilkisu.usman@studwc.kiu.ac.ug, +2348094614358

ABSTRACT

Risk factors, encompassing personal behaviors, lifestyles, and environmental elements, are crucial predictors of disease, injury, and mortality. In the realms of survival analysis, demography, epidemiology, and public health, identifying and measuring these factors is essential for informing healthcare practitioners and policymakers. This comprehensive study focuses on chronic diseases, which pose a significant burden on global health policy and services. We aim to systematically investigate the multifaceted risk factors associated with chronic diseases, examining their impact at the individual, group, and population levels. Through a rigorous and evidence-based approach, we will elucidate the complex relationships between risk factors and disease outcomes, providing critical insights for targeted interventions and informed decision-making. By shedding light on the intricate dynamics of risk factors and chronic diseases, this study seeks to contribute meaningfully to the development of effective strategies for mitigating the burden of chronic diseases worldwide.

Keywords: Risk factors, identification, measurement

CITE AS: Bilkisu Usman Farouk_, David Francis Olebo and Mathew Chibunna Igwe (2025). Identification and Measurement of Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies: A Review. NEWPORT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCES 6(1):88-97 https://doi.org/10.59298/NIJSES/2025/61.889700