Nanoparticle Facilitated Delivery of Gut Microbiome Modulators in Obesity and Diabetes Management: A Mini Review

Nambi Namusisi H.

School of Natural and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Uganda

ABSTRACT

The gut microbiome plays a critical role in regulating host metabolism, and emerging evidence suggests that dysbiosis, or an imbalance in microbial composition, is a key factor in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Modulating the gut microbiome through dietary interventions, prebiotics, probiotics, and microbial metabolites has shown promise as a strategy for managing obesity and T2D. However, the therapeutic potential of microbiome modulation is often limited by the poor bioavailability and stability of bioactive compounds, as well as the challenges in precisely targeting the gut. Nanotechnology offers a solution by enabling the targeted delivery of microbiome modulators with improved stability, controlled release, and enhanced bioavailability. Nanoparticles can protect sensitive bioactive compounds from enzymatic degradation and facilitate their targeted release in the gut, thereby optimizing their effects on microbial populations and host metabolism. This review discusses the role of nanoparticles in enhancing the delivery of gut microbiome modulators, including prebiotics, probiotics, and microbial metabolites, for the management of obesity and T2D. Additionally, it explores the mechanisms of action, current applications, challenges, and future directions for nanoparticle-based gut microbiome therapies.

Keywords: gut microbiome, nanoparticles, obesity, type 2 diabetes, prebiotics, probiotics, targeted delivery

CITE AS: Nambi Namusisi H. (2026). Nanoparticle Facilitated Delivery of Gut Microbiome Modulators in Obesity and Diabetes Management: A Mini Review. NEWPORT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES. https://doi.org/10.59298/NIJRMS/2026/7.1.1218