Online Radicalization Pathways: Social Network Dynamics and Interventions

Asuman Banywana

Humanities Education Kampala International University Uganda

Email asuman.banywana@studmc.kiu.ac.ug

                                                                            ABSTRACT
Online radicalization is a complex, multi-stage process in which individuals adopt extremist ideologies through digital channels, often reinforced by social network dynamics and algorithmically curated content. Unlike offline radicalization, online pathways are shaped by the unique affordances of digital platforms, including rapid information dissemination, echo chambers, homophily, and the influence of automated agents or bots. Exposure to extremist content, reinforcement of grievances, and identity formation are central mechanisms driving online radicalization, while recommendation systems and algorithmic personalization amplify engagement with radical narratives. Empirical studies highlight the interplay between online and offline environments, the role of social networks in information diffusion, and the potential for intervention strategies at platform and community levels. Effective countermeasures include digital literacy programs, narrative-based interventions, platform-level design adjustments, and policy frameworks that balance safety, privacy, and free expression. Despite advances, gaps remain in understanding causal mechanisms, the interaction between online and offline networks, and comparative patterns across ideological groups, underscoring the need for further multidisciplinary research.

Keywords: Online radicalization, Social network dynamics, Echo chambers, Algorithmic personalization, and Counter-radicalization interventions.

CITE AS: Asuman Banywana (2026). Online Radicalization Pathways: Social Network Dynamics and Interventions. NEWPORT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT ISSUES IN ARTS AND MANAGEMENT, 7(1): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.59298/NIJCIAM/2025/71.1900